The World’s tallest building. A living miracle. And Astonishing work of masterpiece. A unique achievement of engineering. It’s all about one and only Burj Khalifa. In idea and implementation, Burj Khalifa has no opponent. More than just the world’s tallest building, Burj Khalifa has a remarkable representation of international cooperation, a metaphorical beacon of progress, and a symbol of the new, vibrant and successful Middle East.
It is the actual proof of Dubai’s growing role in a changing world. In rarer than 30 years, this city has transformed itself into a global one from the regional centre This success was not just based on oil reserves, but also the reserves of human skill, imagination and initiative. Burj Khalifa signifies that vision.
Emaar Properties PJSC is the Master brain Developer of Burj Khalifa and it is also the largest real estate company in the world. Mr Mohamed Alabbar, Chairman of Emaar Properties, said: “Burj Khalifa goes beyond the imposing physical specifications. In Burj Khalifa, we can see the success of Dubai’s vision of achieving the seemingly impossible and setting a new benchmark. It is a source of inspiration for every individual at the Emaar. The project is a declaration of the Emirate’s abilities and of the force of its leaders and people to work hand-in-hand on the completely awe-inspiring project.
Emaar had but one inspiration, the unflagging enthusiasm set in motion by His Highness Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, who motivates us to reach for the stars. Bringing Burj Khalifa to life required a combination of resourceful ideas and strong science. In the procedure, the project acquired an awe-inspiring number of facts, figures, and statistics.
Burj Khalifa includes a numerous World Records
At over 828 metres (2,716.5 feet) and more than 160 stories,
Burj Khalifa holds the following records:
- The tallest building in the world
- Tallest free-standing structure in the world
- The highest number of stories in the world
- Highest occupied floor in the world
- The highest outdoor observation deck in the world
- Elevator with the longest travel distance in the world
- Tallest service elevator in the world
Tallest of the Supertall
Not only is Burj Khalifa the world’s tallest building but it also had broken two other remarkable records: the tallest structure, previously held by the KVLY-TV mast in Blanchard, North Dakota, and the tallest free-standing structure, previously held by Toronto’s CN Tower. The Chicago-based Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) has established three criteria to determine what makes a tall building tall. Burj Khalifa so far had won all three categories.
Height to architectural top
Height is measured from the phase of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural height of the building. This includes spires but does not include any antennae, signage, flagpoles or other functional-technical types of equipment. This measurement is the most used and is used to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat rankings of the Tallest Buildings in the World.
Highest occupied floor
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian hall to the highest continually occupied floor within the building and maintenance and dance areas are not included.
Height to tip
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the highest point of the building, irrespective of the material or function of the highest element. This includes antennae, flagpoles, signage and other functional-technical equipment.
Architecture
The architecture features a triple-lobed footprint, an abstraction of the flower Hymenocallis. The tower is organized of three components arranged around a central core. The modular, Y-shaped structure, with setbacks along each of its three wings, provides an innately stable arrangement for the structure and contributes good floor plates for residential. Twenty-six helical levels reduce the cross-section of the tower incrementally as it spirals skyward.The central core arises at the top and culminates in a sculpted spire. A Y-shaped floor plan maximises the view of the Arabian Gulf. Glimpsed from the base or the air, Burj Khalifa is evocative of the onion domes prevalent in Islamic architecture.
Wind Tunnel Testing
Over 40 wind tunnel tests are conducted in Burj Khalifa to evaluate the impact the wind would have on the building and its inhabitants. These ranged from initial tests to validate the wind climate of Dubai, to large structural analysis models and facade pressure tests, to micro-climate analysis that affects terraces and around the tower base. Even the short conditions during the construction stage are examined with the tower cranes on the tower to ensure protection at all times. The stack effect or chimney effect is a phenomenon that affects super-tall building design and arises from the change in pressure and temperature with the height. Special research was carried out on Burj Khalifa to assume the magnitude of the changes that would have to be dealt with in the design of the tower.
Construction
Excavation work began in January 2004 and over the coming years to its completion and the building had passed many important landmarks on its goal to become the tallest man-made structure in the world has ever seen. In just 1,325 days since excavation work started in January 2004, Burj Khalifa achieved the tallest free-standing structure in the world.
Burj Khalifa’s main Highlights
Over 45,000 m3 (58,900 cu yd) of concrete, weighing more than 110,000 tonnes were used in the construction and steel foundation, which calls attention to 192 piles buried more than 50 m (164 ft) deep. Burj Khalifa’s construction had used 330,000 m3 (431,600 cu yd) of concrete and 39,000 tonnes (43,000 ST; 38,000 LT) of steel rebar, and construction work had taken 22 million man-hours. The exterior work of Burj Khalifa had begun in May 2007 and was fully completed in September 2009. The huge project involved more than 380 skilled engineers and on-site technicians. At the initial stage of the installation, the team progressed at the rate of about 20 to 30 panels per day and finally achieved several as 175 panels per day.The tower has accomplished the world record for the highest installation of aluminium and glass façade with a height of 512 metres. The total weight of aluminium used on Burj Khalifa is about an equivalent to that of five A380 aircraft and the total length of stainless steel bull nose fins is 293 times the height of the Eiffel Tower in Paris.
In November 2007, the highest reinforced concrete core walls were pumped using 80 MPa concrete from the earth level. A vertical height of 601 metres. This shoved the previous pumping record on a building of 470m on Taipei 101; the world’s second tallest tower and the previous world record holder for the vertical pumping of 532 metres for an extension to the Riva del Garda Hydroelectric Power Plant in 1994. The concrete pressure during pumping to this level was nearly 200 bars. The amount of rebar used in the tower is about 31,400 metric tons – laid end to end this would expand over a quarter of the way around the world.
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